Letter from Cairo: The lesser of two evils



Embittered and frustrated, many Egyptians see this weekend's presidential run-off as a choice between cholera and the plague.

It was supposed to be the fruition of a stunning uprising by millions of Egyptians against an authoritarian regime. The election was to symbolise the end of 16 months of political tumult that changed a nation whose people had for decades seemed resigned to accepting dictatorship as the price of stability.

Hopes were high. Expectations knew no limits and the young men and women behind last year's uprising were filled with pride at what they had accomplished. They dreamt of a democratic Egypt, a nation where freedoms were guaranteed, where social justice was a priority and the long dominant military finally out of politics and back to the business of fending off outside threats.

But it was not to be.

Today and tomorrow, Egyptians will choose a successor to Hosni Mubarak, the authoritarian ruler toppled in February last year. Going head-to-head are the last prime minister to serve under Mubarak, Ahmed Shafiq, a career air-force officer widely viewed as an extension of the old regime. His rival is Mohammed Morsi of the Muslim Brotherhood, which is expected to curtail freedom and inject more religion into government if its candidate wins.

As if having to choose between "two evils" were not enough, constitutional court rulings on Thursday dissolved the Islamist-dominated parliament and ruled that Mr Shafiq could stay in the race despite a law barring regime figures from running for office.

The rulings came one day after the military-backed government of prime minister Kamal El Ganzouri handed the military police and intelligence agents the right to arrest civilians for a host of suspected crimes. The move was viewed by many as a de facto declaration of martial law two weeks after the end of emergency laws that had been in force for 31 years.

Combined, everything pointed to what Brotherhood leaders and prominent activists described as a "coup" by the generals who took over from Mubarak. That the coup came just days before the presidential run-off and two weeks before the generals are supposed to hand over power shocked the nation, sparked a wave of anger and sent revolutionaries pondering what went wrong.

"We joked our way through the revolution and its aftermath. Now the joke is on us," the activist Marwa El Naggar wrote on Twitter yesterday.

The events of the past few days could have boosted Mr Shafiq's chances of winning the presidency. Widely seen as a favourite of the generals, Mr Shafiq acted every bit the victor in his final campaign rally on Thursday night.

Energised and upbeat, he stood at attention like a soldier as the national anthem played, and sang along with the 500 flag-waving supporters. They chanted: "We love you, Mr President", and he walked away from the podium blowing kisses to them.

He did not gloat at the parliamentary misfortunes of his rival's party, but said he looked forward to a new assembly that "realistically represents the Egyptian people". He also praised the armed forces and promised something to everyone if he becomes president, from farmers, workers and pensioners to football fans and students.

The generals, meanwhile, took the unusual step of sending out convoys of army vehicles from which patriotic songs blared while leaflets were distributed urging Egyptians to vote.

Mr Morsi's first reaction to the rulings was diplomatic. He said he accepted them though he did not like them and, striking a presidential note, said that as the future president of Egypt he has to respect court rulings. Curiously, he added: "I love the armed forces."

Diplomacy, however, gave way to anger late on Thursday when he addressed a news conference.

"We are going to the ballot boxes to say no to the losers, the killers, the criminals," he screamed.

That the choice for the next president of Egypt is now between an Islamist and a "feloul", the word Egyptians use to refer to Mubarak-regime loyalists, has given rise to a fast-growing movement to boycott the vote.

Already many of the revolutionaries along with liberals are urging voters to cross out the names of the two on the ballot and write: "The revolution will continue."

Regardless of the outcome, Egypt has been polarised by the Shafiq-Morsi rivalry in a way it had not seen before and election-related violence is widely anticipated today and tomorrow. Beyond that, many believe that the "street" is fatigued by 18 months of protests and the backlash against the events of the past few days may materialise only several months down the road.

There have been no protests by MPs beyond angry words on the evening talk shows although the Brotherhood, which controlled just under half of parliament's seats, cryptically warned of "bad days" ahead.

But one prominent liberal Naguib Sawirisi, a wealthy businessman, saw a silver lining.

"This is the last chance for the liberal forces to unite under the banner of a civil, free and modern state in preparation for the next [parliamentary] election," he wrote on his Twitter account.

Brolliology: A History of the Umbrella in Life and Literature
By Marion Rankine
Melville House

COMPANY%20PROFILE
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3ECompany%20name%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Revibe%20%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EStarted%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%202022%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EFounders%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Hamza%20Iraqui%20and%20Abdessamad%20Ben%20Zakour%20%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EBased%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20UAE%20%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EIndustry%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Refurbished%20electronics%20%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EFunds%20raised%20so%20far%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20%2410m%20%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EInvestors%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EFlat6Labs%2C%20Resonance%20and%20various%20others%0D%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
Moon Music

Artist: Coldplay

Label: Parlophone/Atlantic

Number of tracks: 10

Rating: 3/5

'Cheb%20Khaled'
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EArtist%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EKhaled%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ELabel%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EBelieve%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ERating%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%204%2F5%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
Jigra
Director: Vasan Bala
Starring: Alia Bhatt, Vedang Raina, Manoj Pahwa, Harsh Singh
Rated: 3.5/5
Five famous companies founded by teens

There are numerous success stories of teen businesses that were created in college dorm rooms and other modest circumstances. Below are some of the most recognisable names in the industry:

  1. Facebook: Mark Zuckerberg and his friends started Facebook when he was a 19-year-old Harvard undergraduate. 
  2. Dell: When Michael Dell was an undergraduate student at Texas University in 1984, he started upgrading computers for profit. He starting working full-time on his business when he was 19. Eventually, his company became the Dell Computer Corporation and then Dell Inc. 
  3. Subway: Fred DeLuca opened the first Subway restaurant when he was 17. In 1965, Mr DeLuca needed extra money for college, so he decided to open his own business. Peter Buck, a family friend, lent him $1,000 and together, they opened Pete’s Super Submarines. A few years later, the company was rebranded and called Subway. 
  4. Mashable: In 2005, Pete Cashmore created Mashable in Scotland when he was a teenager. The site was then a technology blog. Over the next few decades, Mr Cashmore has turned Mashable into a global media company.
  5. Oculus VR: Palmer Luckey founded Oculus VR in June 2012, when he was 19. In August that year, Oculus launched its Kickstarter campaign and raised more than $1 million in three days. Facebook bought Oculus for $2 billion two years later.

Profile Periscope Media

Founder: Smeetha Ghosh, one co-founder (anonymous)

Launch year: 2020

Employees: four – plans to add another 10 by July 2021

Financing stage: $250,000 bootstrap funding, approaching VC firms this year

Investors: Co-founders

Sour%20Grapes
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EAuthor%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EZakaria%20Tamer%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EPublisher%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3ESyracuse%20University%20Press%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EPages%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3E176%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
COMPANY%20PROFILE
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3ECompany%20name%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Klipit%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EStarted%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%202022%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EFounders%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Venkat%20Reddy%2C%20Mohammed%20Al%20Bulooki%2C%20Bilal%20Merchant%2C%20Asif%20Ahmed%2C%20Ovais%20Merchant%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EBased%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Dubai%2C%20UAE%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EIndustry%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Digital%20receipts%2C%20finance%2C%20blockchain%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EFunding%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20%244%20million%3C%2Fp%3E%0A%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3EInvestors%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Privately%2Fself-funded%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
Joker: Folie a Deux

Starring: Joaquin Phoenix, Lady Gaga, Brendan Gleeson

Director: Todd Phillips 

Rating: 2/5

Company%20Profile
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3ECompany%20name%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3ENamara%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EStarted%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EJune%202022%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EFounder%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EMohammed%20Alnamara%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EBased%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EDubai%20%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ESector%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EMicrofinance%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ECurrent%20number%20of%20staff%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3E16%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EInvestment%20stage%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3ESeries%20A%0D%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EInvestors%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EFamily%20offices%0D%3Cbr%3E%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
COMPANY%20PROFILE%20
%3Cp%3E%3Cstrong%3ECompany%20name%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EAlmouneer%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EStarted%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%202017%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EFounders%3A%3C%2Fstrong%3E%20Dr%20Noha%20Khater%20and%20Rania%20Kadry%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EBased%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EEgypt%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3ENumber%20of%20staff%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3E120%3Cbr%3E%3Cstrong%3EInvestment%3A%20%3C%2Fstrong%3EBootstrapped%2C%20with%20support%20from%20Insead%20and%20Egyptian%20government%2C%20seed%20round%20of%20%3Cbr%3E%243.6%20million%20led%20by%20Global%20Ventures%3Cbr%3E%3C%2Fp%3E%0A
How to protect yourself when air quality drops

Install an air filter in your home.

Close your windows and turn on the AC.

Shower or bath after being outside.

Wear a face mask.

Stay indoors when conditions are particularly poor.

If driving, turn your engine off when stationary.