The distance between first and second place in the Bundesliga at the end of the past two seasons combined amounts to 44 points.
Bayern Munich won the 2014 title at record speed but, in the spirit of optimism that drives all clubs into the opening weekend of a the campaign, the runners-up, Borussia Dortmund, can console themselves with the knowledge that the final arithmetic was slightly more favourable to them than it had been a year earlier.
The difference between gold and silver last May was 19 points; in 2013, it stood at 25.
Fact is, Bayern eased off once the title was in their hands; fact is, the traction Dortmund established in the early years of this decade has slowed since they contested the 2013 Uefa Champions League final with Bayern and narrowly lost it 2-1.
Dortmund’s Bundesliga titles of 2011 and 2012 seem a faraway memory, not least because key personnel involved in those triumphs have slipped away with monotonous regularity: Shinji Kagawa, to Manchester United, the English Premier League’s most-titled institution; then Mario Gotze, to Germany’s mightiest, Bayern, where he is now joined by Robert Lewandowski, the Polish striker who contributed 74 league goals in his 131 matches for Dortmund over the past four years.
It brings into question the competitiveness canof the Bundesliga when the strongest club appears to regard the second-best as a deluxe feeder.
Already there is a justified fear at Dortmund that in the summer of 2015, Marco Reus, their exciting, quicksilver striker, may be going through the same presentation ceremony in Munich that Gotze did in 2013 and Lewandowski did in June.
While German football is entitled to look around the rest of the world and congratulate itself for its place at the summit of the sport, its league has to confront comparisons with its foreign peers that are not so flattering.
For most of the past decade, a conspicuous weakness in the structure of Spain’s Primera Liga, for instance, has seemed to be its unbalanced concentration of resources and success between just two clubs.
But the Primera Liga just proclaimed a champion that was not Real Madrid or Barcelona, and, even before the coup staged by Atletico Madrid last season, the joust between the two behemoths has been a duel unlikely to be dulled by gaps of 25 or 19 points in the table.
The English Premier League, for all its reduced impact on the Champions League in the past two years, still starts each August with a genuine debate among three, four or five contenders about title prospects.
Dortmund's head coach, the charismatic Jurgen Klopp, is not given to defeatism but did admit, on the eve of the new season, that his principle objective was to, once again, "secure qualification for the 2015/16 Champions League and, if Bayern ever have a blank period, it'll be up to us to take advantage".
The club’s recruitment strategy has been to establish greater strength in depth, in the realistic expectation they will be involved in Europe for some years and that Klopp’s high-energy approach to each 90 minutes places intense physical demands on the players.
“We now have good cover in each position,” Klopp said after a summer in which a pair of international strikers – Italy’s Ciro Immobile and Colombia’s Adrian Ramos – and a young defender, Matthias Ginter, who was part of Germany’s World Cup squad – were brought in.
He has to plan for them developing quickly to fill in for the departing stars and he can feel mildly encouraged by last week's Super Cup match against Bayern. Dortmund won it, 2-0, with goals from two attacking players brought in after Gotze's move away a year ago, Henrikh Mkhitaryan and Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang.
But Bayern fielded a side well below full strength that evening and, by the time Dortmund meet them in the league at the beginning of November, they must hope the space between them in the table is not yawning too wide.
sports@thenational.ae
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Auron Mein Kahan Dum Tha
Starring: Ajay Devgn, Tabu, Shantanu Maheshwari, Jimmy Shergill, Saiee Manjrekar
Director: Neeraj Pandey
Rating: 2.5/5
If you go...
Fly from Dubai or Abu Dhabi to Chiang Mai in Thailand, via Bangkok, before taking a five-hour bus ride across the Laos border to Huay Xai. The land border crossing at Huay Xai is a well-trodden route, meaning entry is swift, though travellers should be aware of visa requirements for both countries.
Flights from Dubai start at Dh4,000 return with Emirates, while Etihad flights from Abu Dhabi start at Dh2,000. Local buses can be booked in Chiang Mai from around Dh50
About Proto21
Date started: May 2018
Founder: Pir Arkam
Based: Dubai
Sector: Additive manufacturing (aka, 3D printing)
Staff: 18
Funding: Invested, supported and partnered by Joseph Group
What to watch out for:
Algae, waste coffee grounds and orange peels will be used in the pavilion's walls and gangways
The hulls of three ships will be used for the roof
The hulls will painted to make the largest Italian tricolour in the country’s history
Several pillars more than 20 metres high will support the structure
Roughly 15 tonnes of steel will be used
COMPANY%20PROFILE
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The specs
Engine: 2-litre or 3-litre 4Motion all-wheel-drive Power: 250Nm (2-litre); 340 (3-litre) Torque: 450Nm Transmission: 8-speed automatic Starting price: From Dh212,000 On sale: Now
Best Foreign Language Film nominees
Capernaum (Lebanon)
Cold War (Poland)
Never Look Away (Germany)
Roma (Mexico)
Shoplifters (Japan)
Company profile
Company name: Nestrom
Started: 2017
Co-founders: Yousef Wadi, Kanaan Manasrah and Shadi Shalabi
Based: Jordan
Sector: Technology
Initial investment: Close to $100,000
Investors: Propeller, 500 Startups, Wamda Capital, Agrimatico, Techstars and some angel investors
Women's Prize for Fiction shortlist
The Silence of the Girls by Pat Barker
My Sister, the Serial Killer by Oyinkan Braithwaite
Milkman by Anna Burns
Ordinary People by Diana Evans
An American Marriage by Tayari Jones
Circe by Madeline Miller
COMPANY PROFILE
Founders: Alhaan Ahmed, Alyina Ahmed and Maximo Tettamanzi
Total funding: Self funded
The five pillars of Islam
Company profile
Date started: January, 2014
Founders: Mike Dawson, Varuna Singh, and Benita Rowe
Based: Dubai
Sector: Education technology
Size: Five employees
Investment: $100,000 from the ExpoLive Innovation Grant programme in 2018 and an initial $30,000 pre-seed investment from the Turn8 Accelerator in 2014. Most of the projects are government funded.
Partners/incubators: Turn8 Accelerator; In5 Innovation Centre; Expo Live Innovation Impact Grant Programme; Dubai Future Accelerators; FHI 360; VSO and Consult and Coach for a Cause (C3)
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Greatest of All Time
Starring: Vijay, Sneha, Prashanth, Prabhu Deva, Mohan
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Tips%20for%20holiday%20homeowners
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The Perfect Couple
Starring: Nicole Kidman, Liev Schreiber, Jack Reynor
Creator: Jenna Lamia
Rating: 3/5
How to protect yourself when air quality drops
Install an air filter in your home.
Close your windows and turn on the AC.
Shower or bath after being outside.
Wear a face mask.
Stay indoors when conditions are particularly poor.
If driving, turn your engine off when stationary.
Israel Palestine on Swedish TV 1958-1989
Director: Goran Hugo Olsson
Rating: 5/5
Living in...
This article is part of a guide on where to live in the UAE. Our reporters will profile some of the country’s most desirable districts, provide an estimate of rental prices and introduce you to some of the residents who call each area home.
RACECARD
4.30pm Jebel Jais – Maiden (PA) Dh60,000 (Turf) 1,000m
5pm: Jabel Faya – Maiden (PA) Dh60,000 (T) 1,000m
5.30pm: Al Wathba Stallions Cup – Handicap (PA) Dh70,000 (T) 2,200m
6pm: The President’s Cup Prep – Conditions (PA) Dh100,000 (T) 2,200m
6.30pm: Abu Dhabi Equestrian Club – Prestige (PA) Dh125,000 (T) 1,600m
7pm: Al Ruwais – Group 3 (PA) Dh300,000 (T) 1,200m
7.30pm: Jebel Hafeet – Maiden (TB) Dh80,000 (T) 1,400m
Company%20profile
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