For three years, pundits and policymakers have argued in favour of arming Sunni tribes to fight ISIL. They are focusing on the wrong side of the battle – tribes are foot soldiers for a much larger, vital war.
More than holding defensive lines in western Iraq or pushing towards Raqqa, tribes can lead the ideological war against ISIL, countering its narrative across the globe and cutting off the group’s fighter flow at its source.
Tribes are key to preventing the next generation of young men from joining the ranks of ISIL.
Some tribes are already answering the call.
In Jordan, after tribes learnt that their sons carried out a deadly ISIL attack in the south of the country killing 10, they had a united response: disown them and discredit them.
Jordanian tribes did not open a mourning tent, the attackers were not given a burial. Their names would never be uttered again, except in scorn and as a warning to members who may think of taking a similar path to extremism.
As Sheikh Bashir Abu Rumman said after his tribe denounced two members who took part in the December attack: “An attack on one Jordanian is an attack on all tribes.”
In Saudi Arabia, tribal leaders take part in the country’s deradicalisation programme at the Mohammed bin Nayef Centre, offering up radicalised members for treatment, and helping their reintegration into society.
In Iraq, in addition to fighting alongside the Iraqi army, several tribes have countered ISIL propaganda by sharing images of extremists’ massacres.
Extremism experts hail tribes as “influencers” – groups that can use their hierarchy, their prominent role in social rites of passage and their cohesiveness to influence and challenge the behaviour of their members.
By having a set of shared values, tribes can speak with authority about what is moral and immoral, what is appropriate and inappropriate. More than any state or political party could ever dream, tribes have the legitimacy to say terrorism is socially, culturally and religiously wrong.
And tribes have an even more effective tool: consequences. Tribes can threaten to excommunicate radicalised members, severing all social ties.
As many in tribal societies rely on tribes for marriage, employment, social status and even university placement, excommunication can seem worse than a death sentence.
By making members choose between ISIL and the tribe, making clear that there is no grey area for “supporters” or “sympathisers”, tribes can go a long way to tip the scales in favour of moderation.
In Jordan, tribes across the country hold “interventions” with members who express sympathy with ISIL, debunking its claims as a so-called Islamic group and providing a clear choice: it is either the tribe or ISIL.
It is a bet that blood is thicker than ideology.
Yet the biggest role for tribes in the war against ISIL is more spontaneous and unscripted.
Tribes have a platform unrivalled in the Arab world. In Jordan, tribes use weddings, engagements, funerals and even university graduations as an opportunity to denounce ISIL to a captive audience.
With hundreds of young men present, elders use social gatherings as an opportunity to dissect ISIL’s narrative and claims one by one, and expose it for the apocalyptic cult it is.
Social occasions give tribes a chance to spread their message in a way no nuclear family, society or political party could. With the themes of life and death as their backdrop, tribes can challenge the path of radicalised members and instil the hope for a fuller life away from ISIL.
Yet, perhaps tribes’ greatest strength is their neutrality. As clans are not governments or political parties, they are largely seen by followers as immune to politics and pressures from foreign groups or states – whether it be the United States or regional powers.
Clans are seen as more independent and therefore less likely to peddle the agendas of foreign states or political groups.
When a government denounces ISIL or calls for war against the jihadist group, it can be seen as serving the policy goals of the US, Britain, Russia or another great power.
Yet when a tribe rises up, it is the voice of the people.
Tribes have the legitimacy, the independence and the influence to take on ISIL.
Rather than handing them arms, it is time to give them a voice.
Taylor Luck is a political analyst and journalist in Amman
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MATCH INFO
World Cup qualifier
Thailand 2 (Dangda 26', Panya 51')
UAE 1 (Mabkhout 45 2')
How to protect yourself when air quality drops
Install an air filter in your home.
Close your windows and turn on the AC.
Shower or bath after being outside.
Wear a face mask.
Stay indoors when conditions are particularly poor.
If driving, turn your engine off when stationary.
Israel Palestine on Swedish TV 1958-1989
Director: Goran Hugo Olsson
Rating: 5/5
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Greatest of All Time
Starring: Vijay, Sneha, Prashanth, Prabhu Deva, Mohan
The Specs:
The Specs:
Engine: 2.9-litre, V6 twin-turbo
Transmission: 8-speed automatic
Power: 444bhp
Torque: 600Nm
Price: AED 356,580 incl VAT
On sale: now.
Match info:
Portugal 1
Ronaldo (4')
Morocco 0
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Sheer grandeur
The Owo building is 14 storeys high, seven of which are below ground, with the 30,000 square feet of amenities located subterranean, including a 16-seat private cinema, seven lounges, a gym, games room, treatment suites and bicycle storage.
A clear distinction between the residences and the Raffles hotel with the amenities operated separately.
Know before you go
- Jebel Akhdar is a two-hour drive from Muscat airport or a six-hour drive from Dubai. It’s impossible to visit by car unless you have a 4x4. Phone ahead to the hotel to arrange a transfer.
- If you’re driving, make sure your insurance covers Oman.
- By air: Budget airlines Air Arabia, Flydubai and SalamAir offer direct routes to Muscat from the UAE.
- Tourists from the Emirates (UAE nationals not included) must apply for an Omani visa online before arrival at evisa.rop.gov.om. The process typically takes several days.
- Flash floods are probable due to the terrain and a lack of drainage. Always check the weather before venturing into any canyons or other remote areas and identify a plan of escape that includes high ground, shelter and parking where your car won’t be overtaken by sudden downpours.
Killing of Qassem Suleimani
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The specs
Engine: Long-range single or dual motor with 200kW or 400kW battery
Transmission: Single-speed automatic
Max touring range: 620km / 590km
Price: From Dh250,000 (estimated)
The Buckingham Murders
Starring: Kareena Kapoor Khan, Ash Tandon, Prabhleen Sandhu
Director: Hansal Mehta
Rating: 4 / 5
THE BIO
Family: I have three siblings, one older brother (age 25) and two younger sisters, 20 and 13
Favourite book: Asking for my favourite book has to be one of the hardest questions. However a current favourite would be Sidewalk by Mitchell Duneier
Favourite place to travel to: Any walkable city. I also love nature and wildlife
What do you love eating or cooking: I’m constantly in the kitchen. Ever since I changed the way I eat I enjoy choosing and creating what goes into my body. However, nothing can top home cooked food from my parents.
Favorite place to go in the UAE: A quiet beach.
FIXTURES
Thu Mar 15 – West Indies v Afghanistan, UAE v Scotland
Fri Mar 16 – Ireland v Zimbabwe
Sun Mar 18 – Ireland v Scotland
Mon Mar 19 – West Indies v Zimbabwe
Tue Mar 20 – UAE v Afghanistan
Wed Mar 21 – West Indies v Scotland
Thu Mar 22 – UAE v Zimbabwe
Fri Mar 23 – Ireland v Afghanistan
The top two teams qualify for the World Cup
Classification matches
The top-placed side out of Papua New Guinea, Hong Kong or Nepal will be granted one-day international status. UAE and Scotland have already won ODI status, having qualified for the Super Six.
Thu Mar 15 – Netherlands v Hong Kong, PNG v Nepal
Sat Mar 17 – 7th-8th place playoff, 9th-10th place play-off
Our family matters legal consultant
Name: Hassan Mohsen Elhais
Position: legal consultant with Al Rowaad Advocates and Legal Consultants.
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The Penguin
Starring: Colin Farrell, Cristin Milioti, Rhenzy Feliz
Creator: Lauren LeFranc
Rating: 4/5
The Perfect Couple
Starring: Nicole Kidman, Liev Schreiber, Jack Reynor
Creator: Jenna Lamia
Rating: 3/5