Syrian rebels consolidate control after bringing down regime of Bashar Al Assad

Turkey has assured Russia rebels will not approach its troops within its zone of control, sources tell The National

Rebel fighters ride a military vehicle, after they seized the capital and announced that they had ousted President Bashar Al Assad, in Damascus, Syria. Reuters

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Rebels have begun consolidating their power over large parts of Syria after bringing down the regime of Bashar Al Assad, moving into coastal areas that were the bedrock of support for the former president while avoiding clashes with members of his Alawite minority and Russian troops in the area.

After Damascus fell on Sunday, ending a rule that was instrumental in the spread of Iranian and Russian influence in the Middle East, rebels advanced on the coastal cities of Jablah, Latakia and Tartous, near the only Russian military base on the Mediterranean, rebel sources said.

A former Syrian army officer working with the rebels said that Turkey has been acting as a liaison with Moscow, “assuring the Russians” that the advancing forces will stay away from both Russian troops and from Alawite neighbourhoods and villages that dot the Syrian coast.

“There has been some incidents of fire towards the Russians but nothing major,” the officer told The National.

The sudden downfall of President Bashar Al Assad to a group of lightly armed rebels has undermined a strategy by Iran and Russia to expand that has cost them billions of dollars but yielded no long-term return.

Moscow's intervention in the Syrian civil war in 2015 expanded a Russian zone of control in the country, along with zones for Iran, the US and Turkey, manned by armed proxies of each country. Iran has reportedly withdrawn most of its troops and auxiliaries from Syria.

Russian state news agency Tass reported that the “armed opposition has full control of the Latakia province”, where Russian military bases are located, and have entered the cities of Tartous but “had not penetrated Russia’s bases in Tartous and Hmeimim”. The two bases are Russia's largest warm-water military assets, expanded after Russia's intervention in the war.

Its foreign intelligence chief Sergei Naryshkin said that Moscow was holding talks on the security of its citizens in Syria, Interfax news agency reported. Russia's military presence in Syria would be the subject of discussion with the new rulers in Damascus, the Kremlin said earlier on Monday.

Syria, which had a population of 20 million before the revolt, is majority Sunni. The resignation of Mr Al Assad ended six decades of domination by members of the Alawite sect, an offshoot of Shia Islam. The country's current population and demographic make-up is unknown.

The rebels are led by Hayat Tahrir Al Sham, an Al Qaeda offshoot with links to Turkey. Its leader, Ahmad Al Shara, formerly known as Abu Muhammed Al Jawlani, has instructed the rebels to keep the civil department of the government under the supervision of Prime Minister Mohammad Jalali, who served under Mr Al Assad.

“This country can become a normal country,” said Mr Jalali in a video statement broadcast by Sky News Arabia.

Al Shara recently abandoned his nom de guerre to project an image of moderation, although his organisation was listed as a terrorist group by the US in 2014. He entered Damascus on Sunday, kneeling in prayer at the gates of the city and praying at the Umayyad Mosque, one of the holiest places in Islam in the heart of the capital.

Mr Al Assad's rule, “spread sectarianism and corruption in the country and left it a farm for Iranian ambitions”, he said at the mosque. In an apparent message to minority groups afraid of what many view as an incoming Sunni political ascendancy, he said that Syria now “belongs to all Syrians.”

The toppling of the regime is a victory for “the entire region,” he said, in an apparent message to Turkey and the Sunni Arab powers.