Iran police open fire on mourners gathered at Mahsa Amini's grave

Demonstrators clashed with security forces in Iran's Kurdish region on Wednesday

An unveiled woman stands on top of a vehicle as thousands make their way towards Aichi cemetery in Saqez, Mahsa Amini's home town, to mark 40 days since her death. AFP

Protesters attempt to dodge projectiles fired at them during clashes at Iran's Islamic Azad University in Tehran. AFP

Protesters gather at Amirkabir University of Technology in Tehran. AFP

A man, bottom left, fires a weapon during the clashes at Islamic Azad University. AFP

Protesters chant at a vigil for Amini at the entrance of the Khajeh Nasir Toosi University of Technology in Tehran. Reuters

Iranian police arrive to disperse a protest marking 40 days since Amini's death. AP

People block an intersection during a protest to mark 40 days since Amini's death. AP

People march down the motorway towards Aichi cemetery near Saqez, where Amini is buried. Reuters

People march towards Aichi cemetary. Reuters

Protesters walk towards the cemetery. Reuters

A view of demonstrators walking to the cemetery. Reuters

Cars line the street as people march towards the cemetery. Reuters

Protesters march towards the cemetery 40 days after Amini's death. Reuters

Iranian security forces used live ammunition on protesters marking 40 days since the death of Mahsa Amini, as demonstrations and a violent government crackdown continued.

At least one man was killed on Wednesday in the Kurdish-Iranian city of Saqez, where Amini’s funeral was held in September, as demonstrations descended into clashes between protesters and police.

Rights groups said protesters had chanted: "We should not mourn for our youth, we should avenge them."

The clashes came as Iran's supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei called on the country to unite in the face of attacks after an ISIS gunman killed 15 at a shrine in Shiraz.

"We all have a duty to deal with the enemy and its traitorous or ignorant agents," said Mr Khamenei.

In the western city of Mahabad, at least three people, including a 52-year-old woman, were killed in protests on Thursday, rights groups said.

Angry crowds had taken to the streets following the funeral of Ismail Mauludi, 35, who was killed the previous night.

Amnesty International said security forces were using firearms against "thousands" of people in Mahabad, located in West Azerbaijan province, and called on Tehran to "immediately" rein them in.

Large crowds attacked the governor's office and police stations, footage on social media showed. Demonstrations were also held in other cities throughout the province.

Amini, 22, died in custody on September 16 after allegedly being beaten by the “morality police” for breaching the country’s dress code.

Her death sparked nationwide outrage and energised protesters across the political spectrum, from secular students in Tehran to regional minority groups and trade unions, who have been on strike in recent days.

Her family are being held under house arrest at their home in Iran, her cousin has confirmed to The National on Thursday.

Amini's parents and her brother have been “detained in their home” by authorities since Wednesday, Erfan Mortazei said, speaking from the Kurdish region of Iraq.

Thousands of people had gathered in Amini’s home town on Wednesday, despite a heavy security presence.

Traffic clogged roads into the city as mourners thronged a cemetery on the outskirts of the town, some making their way on foot to avoid gridlocked roads.

Anger swelled among the crowds and according to AFP, who verified a video posted online, a police checkpoint was burnt down.

Kurdistan governor Esmail Zarei-Kousha accused Iran's foes of being behind the unrest, echoing remarks by former Iranian President Hassan Rouhani, who has repeatedly blamed foreign plots for the anti-government movement.

“The enemy and its media … are trying to use the 40-day anniversary of Mahsa Amini's death as a pretext to cause new tensions but fortunately the situation in the province is completely stable,” Mr Kousha said, quoted by state news agency IRNA.

Oslo-based group Iran Human Rights said the security forces' clampdown on the Amini protests has claimed the lives of at least 141 demonstrators, in an updated death toll on Tuesday.

Amnesty International says the “unrelenting brutal crackdown” has killed at least 23 children while IHR said at least 29 children have been killed.

The continuing unrest has all but derailed talks to return to a 2015 nuclear deal between Iran and world powers, which would have resulted in crushing trade sanctions being lifted in exchange for regular UN inspections of Iran’s nuclear sites.

That now seems like a distant prospect as the US, the EU and Canada have imposed more sanctions on Iran in recent days, not only for the violent crackdown on protesters but also because Iran has been confirmed by the UN to have supplied drones to Russia, during the continuing war in Ukraine.