Starbucks moved swiftly on Tuesday to confront a racially charged uproar over the arrest of two black men at one of its stores in Philadelphia, announcing plans to close more than 8,000 stores in the United States for several hours next month to conduct racial-bias training for nearly 175,000 workers.
The announcement on Tuesday comes after the arrests sparked protests and calls for a boycott on social media. A video shows police talking with two black men seated at a table. After a few minutes, officers handcuff the men and lead them outside, as other customers say they weren’t doing anything wrong. Philadelphia-area media said the two were waiting for a friend.
Starbucks, which was once ridiculed for urging its employees to write "Race Together" on coffee cups to start a national conversation on race relations, has found itself through the looking glass: under fire for its treatment of black people.
The company reacted from a high level: Starbucks chief executive Kevin Johnson called the arrests “reprehensible” and said he wanted to apologise to the two men face-to-face. The company and a lawyer for the two men said they did meet, and Mr Johnson delivered the apology. Starbucks also said the employee who called police no longer works at the store, but declined to give details.
Mr Johnson had also promised to revamp store management training to include "unconscious-bias" education. Starbucks said its US company-owned stores and corporate offices will be closed on the afternoon of May 29 for the training, which will eventually be incorporated into the instruction process for all newly hired employees.
The episode highlights the risks large corporations run when they tie their brands so closely to social messaging. In 2015, then-chief executive Howard Schultz shrugged off the Race Together fiasco as a well-intentioned mistake and pressed on with his public efforts to engage in the debate over race in the US. Mr Johnson was scrambling to keep the Philadelphia incident from shattering the message Mr Schultz was aiming for: Starbucks is a corporation that stands for something beyond profit.
“The more your brand is trying to connect emotionally to people, the more hurt people feel when these kinds of things happen,” said Jacinta Gauda, the head of the Gauda Group, a New York strategic communications firm affiliated with the Grayling network. “They are breaking a promise. That’s what makes it hurt deeper.”
Beyond racial relations, Starbucks has staked much of its brand on its dual promise of providing good customer service and treating its employees well, said John Gordon, a restaurant industry analyst with Pacific Management Consulting Group. The Seattle-based company has a reputation for well-managed stores, “a point of difference that allows them to sell primarily drinks and coffees that have a higher cost”, he said.
But in a multinational company with more than 28,000 stores worldwide, there has “to be a situation every day where some human being handles things wrong. You can’t have that many employees and not have something stupid happen,” Mr Gordon said. “Even with a huge operations manual that lays out what to say and what to do, you can’t cover everything.”
Starbucks set its own high bar. Last month, the company claimed it had achieved 100 per cent pay equity across gender and race for all its US employees, and committed to doing the same for its overseas operations, an initiative publicly backed by equality activist Billie Jean King. The company also touts the diversity of its workforce, saying minorities comprise more than 40 per cent of its employees in the US.
In 2016, Starbucks promised to invest in 15 "underserved" communities across the country, trying to counter an image of a company catering to a mostly white clientele. One of those stores opened in Ferguson, Missouri, the scene of 2014 protests following the police shooting of Michael Brown, one of several such killings that moved Mr Schultz to launch the Race Together campaign.
In a statement, Mr Johnson promised that “closing our stores for racial-bias training is just one step in a journey that requires dedication from every level of our company and partnerships in our local communities”.
Starbucks said the curriculum for the training would be developed with input from several experts, including Bryan Stevenson, founder and executive director of the Equal Justice Initiative; Sherrilyn Ifill, president and director-counsel of the NAACP Legal Defense and Education Fund; and former US attorney general Eric Holder.